As detailed by Electronics Tutorials in their article “Temperature Sensors,” these devices are essential for measuring heat energy or coldness in various applications, ranging from simple ON/OFF thermostatic controls to sophisticated semiconductor sensors for complex industrial systems. Temperature sensors detect changes in temperature, providing either an analog or digital output that helps in monitoring and controlling processes.
Temperature sensors are broadly categorized into two types: Contact Temperature Sensors and Non-Contact Temperature Sensors.
- Contact Temperature Sensors require physical contact with the object being monitored. They rely on conduction to measure temperature changes and are suitable for detecting solids, liquids, or gases across a wide temperature range.
- Non-Contact Temperature Sensors use convection and radiation to measure temperature changes without direct contact. These sensors can detect radiant energy from liquids, gases, or objects emitting infrared radiation.
Further, these sensors can be grouped into three sub-categories: Electro-mechanical, Resistive, and Electronic sensors. Each of these categories is tailored to specific applications, ensuring accurate temperature monitoring and control.
One common example of a contact temperature sensor is the Thermostat, an electro-mechanical device. It consists of a bi-metallic strip made from two different metals, such as nickel and copper, which expands and bends when exposed to heat. This bending movement can either act as an electrical switch or mechanically operate one, making thermostats widely used in hot water heating systems, furnaces, and vehicle cooling systems.
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Article with all rights reserved, courtesy of Electronics-Tutorials.ws